Діамантовий словник
Ключові терміни та визначення зі світу діамантів
Annealing
Heat treatment applied after irradiation to stabilise or further modify a diamond’s colour.
Дізнатися більшеAsscher Cut
A square step cut with cropped corners, known for its distinctive hall-of-mirrors optical effect.
Дізнатися більшеBaguette
A rectangular step cut, often used as an accent stone.
Bezel Setting
A setting where a metal rim surrounds the entire perimeter of the stone.
Brilliance
White light reflected from the upper facets of a diamond back to the observer.
Дізнатися більшеCape Diamond
A diamond with a yellowish tint caused by nitrogen impurities (N3 centre at 415.5 nm).
Дізнатися більшеCathedral Setting
A raised setting with arched shoulders resembling a cathedral.
Clarity
The degree of internal (inclusions) and external (blemishes) imperfections.
Дізнатися більшеClarity Characteristics
Internal and external features (inclusions and blemishes) used to determine a diamond’s clarity grade.
Дізнатися більшеCoating
A surface treatment that applies a thin layer to alter a diamond’s apparent colour; not permanent.
Дізнатися більшеCrown
The upper portion of a diamond above the girdle — contains the table and crown facets.
Дізнатися більшеCrown Angle
The angle between the bezel (crown main) facets and the girdle plane, influencing the balance of fire and brilliance.
Дізнатися більшеDepth Percentage
The total height of a diamond divided by its average girdle diameter, expressed as a percentage.
Дізнатися більшеDiamond Grading Report
A document issued by a gemological laboratory detailing a diamond’s 4Cs, measurements, and identifying characteristics.
Дізнатися більшеDispersion
The splitting of white light into a rainbow spectrum — a diamond’s "fire."
Дізнатися більшеFancy Vivid
The highest colour saturation grade for fancy coloured diamonds, indicating the most intense and pure colour.
Дізнатися більшеFluorescence Grades
The five-point scale used to describe fluorescence intensity: None, Faint, Medium, Strong, and Very Strong.
Дізнатися більшеFour Cs (4C)
Color, Clarity, Cut, and Carat — the universal diamond quality factors.
Дізнатися більшеFracture Filling
A clarity treatment in which a glass-like substance is injected into surface-reaching fractures to reduce their visibility.
Дізнатися більшеFTIR
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, used to classify diamond type (I/II) and detect certain treatments.
Дізнатися більшеGirdle
The widest circumference of a diamond — the boundary between crown and pavilion.
Дізнатися більшеGrading
Systematic assessment of diamond quality according to standardized criteria.
Дізнатися більшеHue
The dominant spectral colour of a fancy coloured diamond, such as blue, pink, or yellow.
Дізнатися більшеIrradiation
A treatment using electron or neutron bombardment to alter a diamond’s colour, often followed by annealing.
Дізнатися більшеKarat (Gold)
A measure of gold purity (24kt = pure gold). Not to be confused with diamond carat.
Kimberley Process
International certification system preventing the trade of conflict diamonds.
Дізнатися більшеLaser Drilling
A clarity treatment that uses a focused laser beam to create a channel to reach and bleach dark inclusions.
Дізнатися більшеLaser Inscription
A micro-engraving on the girdle of a diamond, typically the laboratory report number, used for identification.
Дізнатися більшеMeasurements (mm)
The length, width, and depth of a diamond recorded in millimetres on a grading report.
Дізнатися більшеMelee
Small diamonds (under 0.2 ct), often used as accent stones.
Milky Diamond
A diamond with reduced transparency caused by sub-microscopic inclusions or structural irregularities.
Дізнатися більшеNatural Diamond
A diamond formed by natural geological processes in the Earth’s mantle.
Дізнатися більшеOverweight Diamond
A diamond cut deeper than ideal proportions to retain carat weight, resulting in a smaller face-up appearance.
Дізнатися більшеPavilion
The lower part of a diamond below the girdle — reflects light back through the crown.
Дізнатися більшеPavilion Angle
The angle between the pavilion main facets and the girdle plane, critical for light return and brilliance.
Дізнатися більшеPhotoluminescence (PL)
A spectroscopic technique using laser excitation to identify defect centres and detect treatments in diamonds.
Дізнатися більшеPlot
A diagram on a grading report that maps the location and type of a diamond’s clarity characteristics.
Дізнатися більшеPolish
The quality of a diamond’s surface smoothness resulting from the cutting and polishing process.
Дізнатися більшеProportions Diagram
A profile view on a grading report showing key angles, percentages, and measurements of a diamond’s cut.
Дізнатися більшеSaturation
The intensity or purity of a fancy diamond’s colour, ranging from weak to vivid.
Дізнатися більшеSpread
The face-up size of a diamond relative to its carat weight; a well-spread stone looks larger for its weight.
Дізнатися більшеStrain Patterns
Internal stress features visible under cross-polarised light; their character differs between natural and lab-grown diamonds.
Дізнатися більшеTable Percentage
The width of the table facet divided by the average girdle diameter, expressed as a percentage.
Дізнатися більшеTension Setting
A stone held by the pressure of metal arms — appears to float.
Tone
The lightness or darkness of a fancy coloured diamond’s colour, ranging from very light to very dark.
Дізнатися більшеType I / Type II
Scientific classification of diamonds based on nitrogen content and arrangement; Type I contains nitrogen, Type II is virtually nitrogen-free.
Дізнатися більшеUV-Vis-NIR
Ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectroscopy, used to analyse colour origin and detect treatments in diamonds.
Дізнатися більшеVS Clarity
Very Slightly Included — minor inclusions visible only under magnification.
Дізнатися більшеVVS Clarity
Very Very Slightly Included — minimal inclusions, difficult to see under 10× loupe.
Дізнатися більшеWindow Effect
A dark area in the center of a poorly cut stone where light "leaks" through.
Дізнатися більше